Karakteristična impedancija je za AC signale (ili visoko{0}}signale). Karakteristična impedancija koncept je dugolinijskog-prijenosa. Tijekom procesa prijenosa signala u dalekovodu, u točki gdje signal stiže, susrest će se dalekovod i referentna ravnina. Nastaje električno polje, a zbog postojanja električnog polja nastaje trenutna mala struja, a ta mala struja postoji u svakoj točki dalekovoda. Istovremeno, signal ima i određeni napon, tako da će u procesu prijenosa signala svaka točka dalekovoda biti ekvivalentna otporu, a taj otpor je karakteristična impedancija dalekovoda koji smo spomenuli.
The continuity of the characteristic impedance (ρ) basically depends on the stability of the ratio of the distribution parameters L{{0}} and C0. We all know Ohm's law: U=RI, where R is the resistance or resistance load, in ohms (Ω). Resistance is related to the resistivity (also known as conductivity) of metal materials, but in the process of high-frequency signal transmission, we also need to understand the transmission of the physical medium (such as twisted pair, coaxial wire, waveguide) that transmits high-frequency signals characteristics, which are different from low-frequency signals, this transmission characteristic is related to the conductive material of the transmission medium (such as copper or silver), conductivity (resistivity), geometry (most commonly cylindrical), distributed inductance (L0), distributed capacitance (C0), insulating material (dielectric constant), etc. are all related, but the influence of these distribution parameters and the dielectric constant of insulating material is often not considered during low-frequency signal transmission.
